declaration of martial law after

The declaration of martial law after Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022 cancelled the limited right to alternative service in peacetime. Hundreds of conscientious objectors to mobilisation – on religious and non-religious grounds – have been detained, forced into the army, held illegally (often for months) on military bases, or criminally prosecuted. Requested by Ukraine’s Constitutional Court, a Venice Commission brief reaffirmed states’ obligation to offer alternative service. If Ukraine is to meet international standards, the government should reinstate legal access to alternative civilian service and review criminal convictions สล็อต เว็บตรง